The basic forces in the Pacific Ocean

Under normal conditions, the relatively strong trade winds blow from east to west along the equator in the Pacific Ocean. The bulk of the warm surface water run in this way westwards from South America's coasts against Australia and Indonesia.

As warm surface water drives towards the west, it creates space for the cold water from the Humbolt current to flow up along the main Chilean and Peruvian coasts. This cold water is very nutritious and it creates the conditions for a frenetic biological activity. Both through photosynthesis, which creates a lot of plankton, necessary for higher life forms. There are figures indicating that approximately 20% of the world's catches of fish comes from these waters.

Then a lot of interesting things take place in the water and air and at irregular intervals arises El Niño and La Niña and many other fascinating phenomena